The pistons and connecting rods on the engine are part of the crank connecting rod mechanism, which together make up the piston connecting rod group. This is the part with extremely high technical in the engine, and it has extremely high requirements on the material, metallurgical process and heat treatment of the parts, especially the piston and piston ring, which is directly related to the working life of the engine.
The main function of the piston connecting rod group is to receive the pressure of the combustion gas, and transmit this force to the connecting rod through the piston pin and then to the crankshaft, and convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational motion of the crankshaft.
The main function of the piston is to withstand the pressure of the combustion gas and transmit this force to the connecting rod through the piston pin to drive the crankshaft to rotate. In addition, the top of the piston, the cylinder head and the cylinder wall together form the combustion chamber. Pistons are the toughest working parts in an engine. The top of the piston is in direct contact with the high-temperature gas, so that the temperature of the top of the piston is very high. Generally speaking, about 40% of the friction loss on an engine comes from the friction between the piston, piston ring and cylinder wall. Aluminium alloy pistons are widely used in modern automobile engines, whether gasoline engines or diesel engines, and cast iron or heat-resistant steel pistons are only used in very few automobile engines.
The function of the connecting rod group is to transmit the force of the piston to the crankshaft, and convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational motion of the crankshaft. The connecting rod group is compressed, stretched and bent during operation, so the connecting rod body may be bent and twisted. The connecting rod body and connecting rod cover are made of high-quality medium carbon steel or medium carbon alloy steel by die forging or roll forging
The piston connecting rod group, the body group and the crankshaft flywheel group together form the crank connecting rod mechanism. It is the transmission mechanism for the internal combustion engine to realize the working cycle and complete the energy conversion. It is the mechanism for the engine to generate and transmit power. The thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy, which is the energy conversion mechanism of the engine. Its working conditions are quite bad, it has to withstand high temperature, high pressure, high speed and chemical corrosion, and it has to bear a lot of gas pressure and mass inertia force of moving parts. Therefore, the material and structure requirements of the crank connecting rod mechanism are quite high. Its structure directly determines the performance and efficiency of the engine
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